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As I mentioned previously, the most critical step is obtaining your Twitter Developer Account and API Keys. Without them, Tweepy cannot connect to the Twitter (X) API.

Here's a refined and practical guide to extracting tweets using Tweepy, focusing on the Twitter API v2, which is the recommended and more modern way to interact with the platform.

Key Concepts to Remember:

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  Twitter API v2: The current and evolving version of Twitter's API. It offers more control over the data you receive and is the future of Twitter development.

  
  


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  tweepy.Client: This is the Tweepy object specifically designed for interacting with Twitter API v2.

  
  


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  Authentication: You'll primarily use a Bearer Token for public data access (like searching recent tweets) or all four keys (Consumer Key, Consumer Secret, Access Token, Access Token Secret) for actions that require user context (like fetching your own timeline or posting tweets).

  
  


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  tweet_fields, user_fields, expansions: These are crucial parameters in v2 API calls that allow you to specify exactly what information you want to receive, making your data extraction more efficient and tailored.

  
  


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  Rate Limits: Twitter's API has strict limits on how many requests you can make within a certain time frame. Be mindful of these limits to avoid getting temporarily blocked.Python Course Training in Bangalore

  
  

Step 1: Obtain Your Twitter API Keys

If you haven't already, follow these steps meticulously:

1. 
   

   Go to the Twitter Developer Portal: https://developer.twitter.com/

   
   


2. 
   

   Sign Up / Log In: Use your existing Twitter (X) account.

   
   


3. 
   

   Apply for a Developer Account: This might involve answering questions about your intended use of the API. Be clear and concise.

   
   


4. 
   

   Create a Project and an App: Once your developer account is approved, create a new Project, and then create an App within that project.

   
   


5. 
   

   Generate Your Keys and Tokens:

   
   

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  Navigate to your App's settings.

  
  


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  Look for the "Keys and tokens" tab.

  
  


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  You will find your Consumer Key (API Key), Consumer Secret (API Secret), Bearer Token, Access Token, and Access Token Secret.

  
  


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  Crucially, copy these values and store them securely. Never hardcode them directly into your public-facing code or commit them to version control systems like Git.

  
  

Step 2: Install Tweepy

Open your terminal or command prompt and run:

Step 3: Python Code for Tweet Extraction (API v2)

This code demonstrates how to set up Tweepy with API v2, search for recent tweets by keyword, and get tweets from a specific user.

How to Run This Code:

1. 
   

   Save the code: Save the Python code above as a .py file (e.g., tweet_extractor.py).

   
   


2. 
   

   Set Your API Keys:

   
   
   
   
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     Linux/macOS: Open your terminal and run export TWITTER_BEARER_TOKEN="your_bearer_token" (and similarly for other keys). For permanent setup, add these lines to your ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc file.

     
     
   
   
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     Windows: Use set TWITTER_BEARER_TOKEN="your_bearer_token" in Command Prompt. For persistent variables, search "Environment Variables" in Windows and add them there.

     
     
   
   
   
   

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  Recommended (Secure): Set your API keys as environment variables in your operating system before running the script.

  
  


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  Less Secure (for quick testing): Directly replace "YOUR_BEARER_TOKEN_HERE" and other placeholders in the Python script with your actual keys. Remember to remove them before sharing the code. Python Training in Bangalore

  
  

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  Official Handles: For official news or statements, targeting specific user handles (like @CMOfKarnataka or local government/news handles) is highly effective. You'll need to find the correct Twitter handle for the entities you're interested in.

  
  


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  Rate Limits and Access Tiers:

  
  




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  Twitter's free API access tier is quite limited (e.g., typically 500,000 tweets per month for recent search). If you need to extract a large volume of data or access historical data beyond 7 days, you will likely need to upgrade to a paid access tier on the Twitter Developer Portal.

  
  


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  The max_results parameter in search_recent_tweets and get_users_tweets is limited to 100 per request. To get more, you would implement pagination using the next_token returned in the API response. Tweepy's Paginator class can help with this for larger extractions.

  
  

This setup provides a robust foundation for extracting tweets relevant to your location or interests using Tweepy in Python.

Conclusion

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